Ulum al Qur'an
The Madinan Phase
The Madinan phase lasted about ten years, from the hijra to the death of the Prophet. While the basic themes of the Makkan phase remain, the factor of the Muslims' growing together into a community and the formation of the umma, now makes its presence clearly felt.
In Madina, there are four groups of people to be met:
The muhajirun, who migrated from Makka to Madina.
The ansar, who originated from Madina and helped the muhajirun.
The munafiqun, who are from Madina and pretended to support the Muslims.
The ahl al-kitab, i.e. Jews and Christians, with their respective scriptures.
In addition to these the Qur'an also continued to address al-nas, 'mankind' i.e. all people, and referred to the disbelievers and ignorant ones.